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【关键词】 色谱法,高压液相;奈韦拉平;血药浓度
【关键词】 色谱法,高压液相;奈韦拉平;血药浓度
奈韦拉平(nevirapine)是人体免疫缺陷病毒(HIV1)的非核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂(NNRTI). 奈韦拉平与HIV1的逆转录酶(RT)直接连接并通过使此酶的催化端断裂来阻断RNA依赖和DNA依赖的DNA聚合酶活性[1-2]. 奈韦拉平不与底物或三磷酸核苷产生竞争. 我们旨在摸索一种简便、快速、专属性高的测定奈韦拉平血浆浓度的方法.
1材料和方法
1.1材料安捷伦1100液相色谱仪(美国安捷伦公司生产);低温高速离心机(德国SIGMA公司生产);振荡器(美国科尔帕默仪器公司生产);万分之一天平(上海衡平仪器仪表厂生产). 甲醇、乙腈,色谱纯,Merck公司生产;磷酸、磷酸二氢钠、三氯乙酸、三乙胺,AR级,上海化学试剂公司生产. 受试制剂:国产奈韦拉平胶囊剂(商品名艾极),批号0309001,每粒200 mg,浙江华海药业股份有限公司生产;国产奈韦拉平片剂(商品名艾太),批号0402004,每片200 mg,浙江华海药业股份有限公司生产;参比制剂: 进口奈韦拉平片(商品名维乐命),批号304185d,每片200 mg,德国勃林格殷格翰生产;奈韦拉平标准品,批号556503002,含量99.8%,浙江华海药业股份有限公司提供.
1.2方法
1.2.1色谱条件色谱柱: Hypersil C18柱(150 mm×4.6 mm, 0.5 μm);流动相: 乙腈: 0.01 mol/L磷酸二氢钠(含0.01 mol/L三乙胺,磷酸调pH至5.0)=18:82;流速: 1.0 mL/min;柱温: 45℃;检测波长: 240 nm;进样量: 25 μL;灵敏度: 0.01AUFS.
1.2.2定性获取空白血浆、加入标准品的血浆样品和待测血浆样品的二维色谱图,比较所测成分的保留时间及检测波长是否一致.
1.2.3血浆样品的预处理取0.2 mL血浆样品,加入20 μL 500 mL/L三氯乙酸,漩涡振荡,4℃下离心5 min(15000 r/min),取上清液25 μL进样,作HPLC分析.
1.2.4标准曲线的制备取健康人的空白血浆0.2 mL数份,加入奈韦拉平标准品,使其浓度分别为0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.5和5.0 mg/L,按血浆样品处理项处理后作HPLC分析. 以样品峰面积(A)对药物浓度(C)进行线性回归,计算回归方程.
1.2.5回收率与精密度考察配制含奈韦拉平的标准品0.2, 2.5, 4.5 mg/L的系列血样,日内各浓度重复进样5次,日间各浓度测定1次,连续测定5 d,以所测的浓度与已知浓度相比,计算血样中奈韦拉平的相对回收率和日内、日间精密度.
1.2.6药代动力学参数计算Cmax, tmax用实测值表示,AUC0-t用梯形法计算. AUC(0-∞)=AUC(0-t) Ct/λZ, Ct为最后一点的血药浓度,λZ为末端相消除速度常数,t1/2可按t1/2=0.693/λZ求出.